Because of the variety of arthritis, complicated etiology and different treatment principles, it is very important to differentiate the arthritis.
1. rheumatoid arthritis: this disease is one of the most common types of chronic arthritis. Associated with genetic, bacterial and viral infections, environmental factors, including smoking. Can occur at any age, but 40-60 year old women are more likely to see them. The small joint (finger joint and wrist joint) of both hands is more involved and bilateral involvement is involved. The patient also had morning stiffness, lasting more than 1 hours and limited joint movement. When the disease is serious, systemic organ involvement can occur. Anti cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody is its specific antibody. The majority of patients were positive for rheumatoid factor, but there was no absolute correlation between the level of rheumatoid factor and the mobility of the disease.
2. osteoarthritis: also known as degenerative joint disease, bone and joint disease, commonly known as bone hyperplasia. The occurrence of osteoarthritis is closely related to age and obesity. The prevalence of osteoarthritis is only 2% in people under 45 years of age, and the prevalence rate is 68% in people over 65 years old. In short, people from old age to old age suffer from varying degrees of osteoarthritis. Each joint can be affected. However, when the joints of both hands are involved, they are mostly the distal interphalangeal joints of the hands. Clinically, the distal interphalangeal joint of the patient presented bony process. Patients can also occur but less than half an hour of morning. Rheumatoid factors are often negative in this patient's blood.
3. gouty arthritis: this disease is associated with excessive production of uric acid and / or decreased production of uric acid in the body. Excessive uric acid deposits locally in the joints and causes arthritis. Its onset is very urgent, often caused by excessive diet or stress, manifested as red and swollen joints, heat pain. Single joint involvement is most common, and the most common site is the bony protuberance near the great toe. Acute gouty arthritis relieves very quickly, and symptoms can be relieved after one or two weeks without treatment or medication, but relapse easily. Chronic gouty arthritis is characterized by an absence of distinct intermittent episodes of recurrent episodes of arthritis.
4. ankylosing spondylitis: many young men, there is a clear incidence of family disease. The main involvement of the spine, sacroiliac joint, there may be peripheral joint involvement. Serious lesions can occur when the spine stiffness, cervical spine, lumbar spine and thoracic spine activities limited, there is a "hunchback", seriously affecting the patient's daily life. More than 90% of patients had HLA-B27 positive, while the rheumatoid factor was negative.
5. psoriatic arthritis: also known as psoriatic arthritis. Patients are often accompanied by psoriasis skin manifestations. Psoriasis, arthritis, arthropathy, and joint involvement are similar in part to rheumatoid arthritis and may therefore be confused with rheumatoid arthritis. But the small joints of the hands are more involved in the interphalangeal joints of the fingers. But sacroiliac joints and spinal column are rare in rheumatoid arthritis. Some patients may develop arthritis in the fashion without skin lesions. Such patients are prone to misdiagnosis. Rheumatoid factor was negative in serum.
6. reactive arthritis: the onset of acute, often before the occurrence of intestinal or urinary tract infection history. The peripheral great joints (especially the lower extremities) are asymmetrically involved. The sacroiliac joint and spinal column can also be involved. Extra articular may manifest as inflammation, urethritis, glans phlogistic, more than 80% of patients with HLA-B27 positive rheumatoid factor negative.
7. enteropathy arthritis: ulcerative ulcerative arthritis can be associated with arthritis. Joint mild symptoms, and often with other extraintestinal manifestations including inflammation, skin rash.
8. infectious arthritis: associated with bacterial infection. Common pathogens include Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The pathogenesis includes direct bacterial infection and the release of toxins or metabolites from the bacteria during infection, including subacute bacterial endocarditis, scarlet fever, and arthritis. Arthritis caused by direct bacterial infection is characterized by redness and swelling of the joints, thermal pain, and joint dysfunction. Asymmetric joint involvement of lower limb load. Large joint involvement is common, such as hip and knee joints. The joint cavity fluid often presents the purulent change. Smear or culture to find bacteria. TB infection arthritis occurs in young people and has evidence of tuberculosis in other areas, including tuberculosis of the lungs or lymph nodes. Nodular erythema, serum rheumatoid factor negative. Positive tuberculin test. Arthritis caused by bacterial metabolites or toxins can heal spontaneously for 1-2 weeks and is characterized by migratory symptoms.
10. autoimmune diseases involve joints: autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren's syndrome, scleroderma, and tumors, and also occur in the course of occurrence and development of arthritis. This type of arthritis is mostly non aggressive arthritis and can be relieved by some arthritis after primary disease control. Many do not leave joint dysfunction.
Through the detailed introduction of this article, we learned about the related classification of arthritis, we want in life to do physical exercise, do the relevant preventive measures to prevent arthritis, so as to more effectively take us away from the disease arthritis.
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